{"id":1493,"date":"2025-04-08T08:13:00","date_gmt":"2025-04-08T08:13:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hellomalaysia.my\/?p=1493"},"modified":"2025-06-29T08:18:52","modified_gmt":"2025-06-29T08:18:52","slug":"ulasan-terperinci-penguatkuasaan-akta-852-penambahbaikan-kawalan-awam","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.hellomalaysia.my\/?p=1493","title":{"rendered":"Ulasan Terperinci: Penguatkuasaan Akta 852 &amp; Penambahbaikan Kawalan Awam"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\ud835\udfed. \ud835\udddf\ud835\uddd4\ud835\udde7\ud835\uddd4\ud835\udde5 \ud835\uddd5\ud835\uddd8\ud835\udddf\ud835\uddd4\ud835\uddde\ud835\uddd4\ud835\udde1\ud835\uddda \ud835\udddc\ud835\udde6\ud835\udde8<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kementerian Kesihatan Malaysia <a><\/a>(KKM) mengambil langkah serius dalam menangani isu tabiat merokok dengan memperkenalkan Akta Kawalan Produk Merokok Demi Kesihatan Awam 2024 [Akta 852] yang mula berkuat kuasa pada 1 Oktober 2024. Akta ini menjadi tonggak penting kepada agenda pengurangan bahaya tembakau di negara ini.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Langkah terkini melibatkan larangan pameran produk rokok di kaunter jualan, yang bertujuan mengurangkan rangsangan visual terhadap produk tembakau di tempat jualan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud835\udfee. \ud835\uddde\ud835\uddd4\ud835\udde1\ud835\uddd7\ud835\udde8\ud835\udde1\ud835\uddda\ud835\uddd4\ud835\udde1 &amp; \ud835\udde7\ud835\udde8\ud835\udddd\ud835\udde8\ud835\uddd4\ud835\udde1 \ud835\udde8\ud835\udde7\ud835\uddd4\ud835\udde0\ud835\uddd4 \ud835\uddd4\ud835\uddde\ud835\udde7\ud835\uddd4 \ud835\udff4\ud835\udff1\ud835\udfee<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Akta 852 digubal sebagai akta khas menggantikan peruntukan lama di bawah Peraturan-Peraturan Kawalan Hasil Tembakau 2004 (PPKHT 2004). Antara elemen penting:<br><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" height=\"16\" width=\"16\" src=\"https:\/\/static.xx.fbcdn.net\/images\/emoji.php\/v9\/tf3\/1\/16\/1f539.png\" alt=\"\ud83d\udd39\"> Pendaftaran Produk<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Semua produk rokok termasuk rokok elektronik perlu didaftarkan di bawah KKM.<br><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" height=\"16\" width=\"16\" src=\"https:\/\/static.xx.fbcdn.net\/images\/emoji.php\/v9\/tf3\/1\/16\/1f539.png\" alt=\"\ud83d\udd39\"> Kawalan Penjualan<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Penjualan secara terbuka, terutamanya kepada individu bawah umur, kini dilarang sama sekali.<br><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" height=\"16\" width=\"16\" src=\"https:\/\/static.xx.fbcdn.net\/images\/emoji.php\/v9\/tf3\/1\/16\/1f539.png\" alt=\"\ud83d\udd39\"> Pelabelan &amp; Pembungkusan<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Arahan pelabelan kesihatan lebih ketat dan pembungkusan neutral (plain packaging) antara komponen yang diperkenalkan.<br><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" height=\"16\" width=\"16\" src=\"https:\/\/static.xx.fbcdn.net\/images\/emoji.php\/v9\/tf3\/1\/16\/1f539.png\" alt=\"\ud83d\udd39\"> Larangan Merokok di Tempat Awam<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Diperluas ke lebih banyak kawasan dan premis, termasuk restoran, taman, dan kawasan tumpuan awam.<br><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" height=\"16\" width=\"16\" src=\"https:\/\/static.xx.fbcdn.net\/images\/emoji.php\/v9\/tf3\/1\/16\/1f539.png\" alt=\"\ud83d\udd39\"> Larangan Pameran Produk<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Melibatkan 51,000 premis runcit, larangan ini mengharamkan mana-mana bentuk pameran fizikal produk rokok di kaunter jualan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud835\udfef. \ud835\udde3\ud835\uddd8\ud835\udde1\ud835\uddd7\ud835\uddd8\ud835\uddde\ud835\uddd4\ud835\udde7\ud835\uddd4\ud835\udde1 \ud835\udde3\ud835\uddd8\ud835\udde1\ud835\uddda\ud835\udde8\ud835\uddd4\ud835\udde7\ud835\uddde\ud835\udde8\ud835\uddd4\ud835\udde6\ud835\uddd4\ud835\uddd4\ud835\udde1 \ud835\uddd5\ud835\uddd8\ud835\udde5\ud835\uddd9\ud835\uddd4\ud835\udde6\ud835\uddd4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Daripada terus mengenakan penalti, KKM memilih pendekatan bertahap (graduated enforcement):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 Bermula dengan sesi pemakluman dan pendidikan kepada pengusaha.<br>\u2022 Diikuti dengan notifikasi ketidakpatuhan \/ surat amaran.<br>\u2022 Tindakan perundangan hanya diambil sekiranya ketidakpatuhan berterusan selepas amaran diberi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" height=\"16\" width=\"16\" alt=\"\ud83d\uddd3\ufe0f\" src=\"https:\/\/static.xx.fbcdn.net\/images\/emoji.php\/v9\/t5c\/1\/16\/1f5d3.png\"> Tempoh fasa penguatkuasaan: Sehingga 1 Oktober 2025.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud835\udff0. \ud835\udde6\ud835\udddc\ud835\uddda\ud835\udde1\ud835\udddc\ud835\uddd9\ud835\udddc\ud835\uddde\ud835\uddd4\ud835\udde1 \ud835\udddf\ud835\uddd4\ud835\udde5\ud835\uddd4\ud835\udde1\ud835\uddda\ud835\uddd4\ud835\udde1 \ud835\udde3\ud835\uddd4\ud835\udde0\ud835\uddd8\ud835\udde5\ud835\uddd4\ud835\udde1 \ud835\udde5\ud835\udde2\ud835\uddde\ud835\udde2\ud835\uddde<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kajian antarabangsa menunjukkan bahawa pameran produk tembakau di kaunter jualan memberi pengaruh besar kepada:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 Remaja dan kanak-kanak, yang lebih mudah terdedah kepada promosi tidak langsung.<br>\u2022 Perokok sedia ada, yang terdedah kepada pencetus (triggers) untuk terus membeli dan merokok.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" height=\"16\" width=\"16\" alt=\"\u27a1\ufe0f\" src=\"https:\/\/static.xx.fbcdn.net\/images\/emoji.php\/v9\/t9e\/1\/16\/27a1.png\"> Langkah ini menyasarkan &#8220;denormalisasi&#8221; tabiat merokok sebagai sebahagian gaya hidup harian.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud835\udff1. \ud835\udddc\ud835\udde6\ud835\udde8 \ud835\udde6\ud835\udde2\ud835\uddde\ud835\udde2\ud835\udde1\ud835\uddda\ud835\uddd4\ud835\udde1: \ud835\uddd4\ud835\uddde\ud835\udde7\ud835\uddd4 \ud835\uddde\ud835\uddd4\ud835\uddea\ud835\uddd4\ud835\udddf\ud835\uddd4\ud835\udde1 \ud835\udddb\ud835\uddd4\ud835\udde5\ud835\uddda\ud835\uddd4 (\ud835\uddd4\ud835\uddde\ud835\udddb\ud835\uddd4\ud835\udde3 \ud835\udfee\ud835\udfec\ud835\udfed\ud835\udfed)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Selain isu rokok, KKM turut menekankan aspek keterjangkauan kos rawatan kesihatan, khususnya:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 Pemaparan harga ubat di fasiliti swasta.<br>\u2022 Penguatkuasaan di bawah Akta Kawalan Harga dan Antipencatutan 2011 (Akta 723).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Seksyen 10 AKHAP memperuntukkan kuasa kepada menteri untuk mewajibkan penetapan dan pemaparan harga bagi mengelakkan eksploitasi kos kepada pengguna.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" height=\"16\" width=\"16\" alt=\"\ud83d\uddd3\ufe0f\" src=\"https:\/\/static.xx.fbcdn.net\/images\/emoji.php\/v9\/t5c\/1\/16\/1f5d3.png\"> Tarikh kuat kuasa: 1 Mei 2025.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud835\udff2. \ud835\uddd4\ud835\udde1\ud835\uddd4\ud835\udddf\ud835\udddc\ud835\udde6\ud835\udddc\ud835\udde6 \ud835\udddc\ud835\udde0\ud835\udde3\ud835\udddf\ud835\udddc\ud835\uddde\ud835\uddd4\ud835\udde6\ud835\udddc \ud835\udde3\ud835\udde2\ud835\udddf\ud835\udddc\ud835\udde6\ud835\udddc \ud835\uddde\ud835\uddd8\ud835\udde6\ud835\udddc\ud835\udddb\ud835\uddd4\ud835\udde7\ud835\uddd4\ud835\udde1<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" height=\"16\" width=\"16\" alt=\"\u2705\" src=\"https:\/\/static.xx.fbcdn.net\/images\/emoji.php\/v9\/t33\/1\/16\/2705.png\"> Kesan Positif yang Dijangka:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 Menurunkan kadar perokok baharu, terutama dalam kalangan belia.<br>\u2022 Mengurangkan perbelanjaan negara untuk rawatan penyakit tidak berjangkit (NCD) akibat rokok.<br>\u2022 Meningkatkan ketelusan kos rawatan dalam sektor perubatan swasta.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" height=\"16\" width=\"16\" alt=\"\u26a0\ufe0f\" src=\"https:\/\/static.xx.fbcdn.net\/images\/emoji.php\/v9\/tdc\/1\/16\/26a0.png\"> Cabaran Pelaksanaan:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 Pemantauan &amp; penguatkuasaan ke atas ribuan premis runcit.<br>\u2022 Penentangan industri rokok dan pengusaha kedai, yang melihat langkah ini sebagai menjejaskan pendapatan.<br>\u2022 Kekangan sumber manusia KKM untuk pengawasan berterusan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud835\udff3. \ud835\udde3\ud835\uddd8\ud835\udde5\ud835\uddd4\ud835\udde1\ud835\uddd4\ud835\udde1 \ud835\uddde\ud835\udde2\ud835\udde0\ud835\udde8\ud835\udde1\ud835\udddc\ud835\udde7\ud835\udddc &amp; \ud835\udddc\ud835\udde1\ud835\uddd7\ud835\udde8\ud835\udde6\ud835\udde7\ud835\udde5\ud835\udddc<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 Komuniti pengguna: perlu dilibatkan dalam kempen kesedaran dan bertindak sebagai pemantau sosial.<br>\u2022 Pengusaha premis: wajar dilatih dan diberi garis panduan pelaksanaan dengan jelas.<br>\u2022 Media &amp; NGO kesihatan: perlu memperkuat mesej awam dan tekanan moral kepada pihak yang melanggar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud835\udff4. \ud835\uddde\ud835\uddd8\ud835\udde6\ud835\udddc\ud835\udde0\ud835\udde3\ud835\udde8\ud835\udddf\ud835\uddd4\ud835\udde1 \ud835\udde6\ud835\udde7\ud835\udde5\ud835\uddd4\ud835\udde7\ud835\uddd8\ud835\uddda\ud835\udddc\ud835\uddde<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Langkah KKM adalah berani, sistematik dan menyeluruh, mencerminkan visi kesihatan awam jangka panjang negara. Menerusi pelaksanaan Akta 852 dan Akta 723 secara komplementari, kerajaan sedang:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 Memperkukuh struktur perundangan kesihatan negara,<br>\u2022 Meningkatkan akauntabiliti perniagaan kesihatan, dan<br>\u2022 Menjadikan persekitaran lebih sihat dan selamat untuk rakyat Malaysia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud835\udde2\ud835\uddf9\ud835\uddf2\ud835\uddf5 : \ud835\uddd7\ud835\uddee\ud835\ude01\ud835\ude02\ud835\uddf8 \ud835\uddd7\ud835\uddff. \ud835\uddd4\ud835\uddf9\ud835\uddf2\ud835\ude05\ud835\uddee\ud835\uddfb\ud835\uddf1\ud835\uddf2\ud835\uddff \ud835\udde1\ud835\uddfc\ud835\uddfc\ud835\uddff<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\ud835\udfed. \ud835\udddf\ud835\uddd4\ud835\udde7\ud835\uddd4\ud835\udde5 \ud835\uddd5\ud835\uddd8\ud835\udddf\ud835\uddd4\ud835\uddde\ud835\uddd4\ud835\udde1\ud835\uddda \ud835\udddc\ud835\udde6\ud835\udde8 Kementerian Kesihatan Malaysia (KKM) mengambil langkah serius dalam menangani isu tabiat&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1494,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1493","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gov_news"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hellomalaysia.my\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1493","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hellomalaysia.my\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hellomalaysia.my\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hellomalaysia.my\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hellomalaysia.my\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1493"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.hellomalaysia.my\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1493\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1495,"href":"https:\/\/www.hellomalaysia.my\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1493\/revisions\/1495"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hellomalaysia.my\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/1494"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.hellomalaysia.my\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1493"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hellomalaysia.my\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1493"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.hellomalaysia.my\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1493"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}